Malappuram

Viceroy (butterfly)

 

                         A butterfly is a mainly day-flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, which includes the butterflies and moths. Like other holometabolous insects, the butterfly's life cycle consists of four parts: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Most species are diurnal. Butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. Butterflies comprise the true butterflies (superfamily Papilionoidea), the skippers (superfamily Hesperioidea) and the moth-butterflies (superfamily Hedyloidea). All the many other families within the Lepidoptera are referred to as moths. The earliest known butterfly fossils date to the mid Eocene epoch, 40–50 million years ago.^[1]

 

                     Butterflies exhibit polymorphism, mimicry and aposematism. Some, like the Monarch, will migrate over long distances. Some butterflies have evolved symbiotic and parasitic relationships with social insects such as ants. Some species are pests because in their larval stages they can damage domestic crops or trees; however, some species are agents of pollination of some plants, and caterpillars of a few butterflies (e.g., Harvesters) eat harmful insects. Culturally, butterflies are a popular motif in the visual and literary arts.

Manjeri

 

Location :

                         Manjeri is a town and municipality in Malappuram District in the state of Kerala, India, with a population of 97104 inhabitants at the 2011 Census. It is situated 12 km from Malappuram and 45 km from Calicut railway station.

 

                        Manjeri Municipality is a local self-government institution with a jurisdiction of three villages, Manjeri, Payyanad and Narukara. District court and General hospital and many other important offices in the district are situated at Manjeri.

 

                  The New government medical college is started here,it is the sixth medical college in government sector in kerala.500 bedded general hospital is upgraded as medical college, along with the womens and childrens hospital complex.

 

                    The eastern side of Manjeri town is a hilly area. The National Public Service Broadcaster of Government of India has All India Radio FM station operating on 102.7 MHtz ,located on this hill. The present Head of Programmes is M.Balakrishnan Menon. The NSS college is situated quite adjacent to the AIR station. Towards the south lie Vettekode and Pullancheri. Prominent schools such as Chinmaya Vidyalaya and Noble Public School are located at Vettekode. The famous Kunnath Temple is on the way to Vettekode. Pullancheri is a beautiful place with hills, lush scenery, dam and the Kadalundy River. This river starts from the eastern border of Malappuram district called Karuvarakundu and flows into the Arabian Sea.

 

                    Manjeri Municipality came into existence on April 1, 1978. MPM Ishaque Kurikkal was the first chairman. He was the youngest person to be elected as a municipal chairman in India. Manjeri is located 48 kilometers away from Kozhikode and is the headquarters of Ernad Taluk and is a Grade-II Municipality. Manjeri was a stronghold of the rebels during the Malabar rebellion of 1921 and hosted the Malabar District Political conference in 1920. The leaders of the movement Erikunnan Ali Musaliar and Variamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji belonged to Nellikkuth, Manjeri.

 

                            The municipality covers an area of 53.06 km and is divided into 50 electoral wards. The municipality has a total population of 97104 at the 2011Census, with a population density of 1,878 per km2. Making its one of the largest towns in Kerala. The male population in 2011 was 48,195 and the female population is 49,009. Pulpetta, Thrikkalangode, Pandikkadu, Anakkayam and Pookattur Panchayaths are situated adjacent to Manjeri Municipality.

 

                    There is no railway access to Manjeri, but it is well connected by road to Kozhikode, Malappuram, Nilambur, Tirur, Kottakkal,Trissur, Mannarkkad,Palakkad and Perinthalmanna and is well accessible by bus.

 

                      Composed of hill slopes, flatlands and fields, Manjeri has rice, coconut, rubber, arecunut, tubercrops, plantain, green vegetables and cashew as the main crops. The major commercial and business sectors in Manjeri are the motor transport sector, beedi industries and matches manufacturing.

 

                      Manjeri has five colleges: the NSS College, Unity Women's College, HM College Alukkal, the Eranadu Taluk Co-perative Arts College. There is a vocational higher secondary school functioning in Manjeri. A new polytechnic college is proposed here.

 

                             There is a district General hospital, five sub-centres, a District TB centre, a Taluk Ayurvedic hospital at Mullampara, an Ayurvedic dispensery at Nellikutthu and a Homoeopathic taluk hospital in the municipality. In addition to these, there are other seven allopathic, eight ayurvedic and three homeopathic hospitals functioning in the private sector.two hospitals are multi speciality hospitals offers treatment at affordable cost.